Discover Congaree National Park - America's Last Old-Growth Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Explore Congaree National Park's majestic old-growth forest, elevated boardwalks, and diverse wildlife. Plan your trip with our guide for hiking, kayaking, and camping adventures.
Step into a realm where time slows and ancient giants touch the sky. Congaree National Park, nestled in the heart of South Carolina, is a breathtaking sanctuary—a living testament to North America’s last remaining old-growth bottomland hardwood forest. Here, the air hums with the symphony of a thriving wilderness, where towering bald cypress, adorned with their distinctive “knees,” and magnificent loblolly pines reach heights unmatched in eastern North America.
This dynamic ecosystem, regularly embraced by the gentle floods of the Congaree River, pulses with life. From the intricate networks of fungi beneath your feet to the darting movements of diverse bird species above, and the elusive glimpses of otters and deer, every corner reveals a vibrant tapestry of nature. Congaree invites you to disconnect from the modern world and immerse yourself in a primeval landscape, offering both universally accessible trails and adventurous backcountry explorations.
Congaree is not merely a park; it’s an International Biosphere Reserve, a rare glimpse into what the continent once was. Its quiet waterways, dense canopy, and rich biodiversity promise an experience that rejuvenates the spirit and connects you deeply with the untamed beauty of the natural world.
Seasonal Weather Guide
Plan your perfect getaway with our detailed seasonal forecast.
Congaree’s Living Legacy: A Primeval Floodplain
What sets Congaree National Park apart is its profound connection to an ancient past, preserved and thriving in the present. This isn’t just any forest; it’s a primeval bottomland hardwood forest, meaning it has never been logged and retains its original, untouched structure. The regular flooding of the Congaree River is the lifeblood of this unique environment, creating a nutrient-rich soil that allows trees to grow to colossal sizes. Within its boundaries stand several “champion trees” – the largest known examples of their species – creating a breathtaking canopy that feels almost cathedral-like.
This intricate dance between land and water fosters an incredible biodiversity, earning Congaree its designation as an International Biosphere Reserve. The floodplain acts as a critical habitat for an astonishing array of flora and fauna, from over 170 species of birds making it a birder’s paradise, to a rich population of reptiles, amphibians, and mammals like deer, otters, and even the occasional bobcat. Exploring Congaree is to step into a vibrant, living classroom, where every rustle in the leaves or ripple on the water tells a story of an ecosystem in perfect, enduring balance.
Things to Do
Unforgettable experiences await you.
Boardwalk Loop Trail
Explore the park's ancient old-growth forest on this accessible, elevated walkway. It offers an easy way to experience the floodplain ecosystem without getting wet or muddy.
Canoeing & Kayaking on Cedar Creek
Paddle through a 15-mile section of Cedar Creek, winding past towering bald cypress trees. This offers a serene perspective of the park and excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing.
Backcountry Hiking (e.g., Weston Lake Loop Trail)
For a more immersive experience, venture onto unpaved backcountry trails like the Weston Lake Loop. These trails offer deeper access into the forest and a greater sense of wilderness.
Wildlife & Birdwatching
Congaree is a biodiversity hotspot, home to over 170 bird species, otters, deer, and various reptiles. Bring binoculars and keep an eye out for diverse fauna throughout the park.
The Icons You’ll Want to See
Boardwalk Loop Trail — This 2.4-mile elevated walkway is the park’s crown jewel, offering an easy, universally accessible way to experience the majestic old-growth floodplain forest. Allow 1.5-2 hours to meander through towering bald cypress and loblolly pines, with interpretive signs guiding you through the unique ecosystem. This is a must-do for all visitors.
Cedar Creek Canoe Trail — A paddler’s dream, this 15-mile waterway winds quietly through the heart of the ancient forest. Explore by canoe or kayak (bring your own or rent from an outfitter in nearby Columbia) for unparalleled views and intimate wildlife encounters. Even a short out-and-back paddle offers a serene, immersive experience.
Weston Lake Loop Trail — For those seeking a deeper dive into the unpaved forest, this 4.4-mile trail (which includes portions of the boardwalk) offers stunning views of Weston Lake, a tranquil oxbow lake. It’s a fantastic way to experience the forest floor and observe wildlife, requiring sturdy footwear as paths can be muddy.
Harry Hampton Visitor Center — Your essential first stop! Located at the park entrance, this is where you can pick up maps, check current trail conditions, learn about ranger program schedules, and explore exhibits detailing the park’s ecology. Accessible restrooms and a small gift shop are available.
Backcountry Trails (e.g., Kingsnake, Bluff, Sims) — For the more adventurous, these unpaved trails offer a strenuous and immersive experience deeper into the wilderness. The Kingsnake Trail is 11.7 miles round trip, providing a challenging hike through diverse forest sections and oxbow lakes. Always check flood conditions at the visitor center before embarking on these trails.
Essential Guide
Everything you need to know.
Must-Visit Spots
Local Cuisine
Where to Stay
Travel Tips
Planning Your Visit
Planning a trip to Congaree is straightforward, but crucial details will significantly enhance your experience. A personal vehicle is essential as public transportation does not serve the park, which is located about 30 minutes southeast of Columbia, SC. There is no entrance fee, making it an incredibly affordable adventure, though camping fees apply for developed sites. Always make the Harry Hampton Visitor Center your first stop for up-to-date maps, trail conditions, and ranger program schedules.
Mosquitoes are a major factor, especially from spring through fall. Bring strong, DEET-based repellent, long sleeves, and pants – consider a head net for sensitive individuals. Always carry plenty of water, as drinking sources are limited outside the visitor center, and hydration is key in the often-humid environment. Sturdy, waterproof hiking footwear is recommended for unpaved trails, which can be muddy or submerged after heavy rains; always check the park’s website or call the visitor center for current flood conditions. Cell service is spotty to non-existent, so download maps and essential information beforehand.
When to Visit
Choose the perfect time for your adventure.
Peak Season: Fall (October-November) & Spring (March-April)
Pros
- Most pleasant temperatures for outdoor activities.
- Lower humidity and fewer mosquitoes than summer.
- Beautiful fall foliage or spring blooms.
- Ideal conditions for hiking and paddling.
Cons
- Can be more crowded, especially on weekends.
- Popular trails like the Boardwalk may be busy.
- Lodging and services in nearby towns might be pricier.
- Early spring can still have cool mornings.
Shoulder Season: Winter (December-February)
Pros
- Virtually mosquito-free, very comfortable for hiking.
- Excellent opportunities for birdwatching and wildlife spotting.
- Fewer crowds, offering a more solitary experience.
- Cooler temperatures prevent overheating during strenuous activities.
Cons
- Shorter daylight hours for exploration.
- Some park facilities may operate on reduced hours.
- Temperatures can drop significantly, requiring warm clothing.
- Less vibrant plant life compared to spring or summer.
Off-Peak: Summer (May-September)
Pros
- Lush, vibrant greenery of the forest at its peak.
- Least crowded period, offering solitude.
- Ideal for early morning paddling before the heat sets in.
- Experience the true 'swamp' atmosphere with high water levels.
Cons
- Extreme heat and humidity are significant challenges.
- Mosquitoes and other biting insects are abundant and aggressive.
- Risk of afternoon thunderstorms and trail closures due to flooding.
- Less comfortable for extensive hiking.
More than just a collection of impressive trees, Congaree National Park offers a profound journey into an ancient, wild heartland, inviting all to discover the resilient beauty and quiet majesty of a forest that has stood the test of time.
Sample Itineraries
One-Day Congaree Explorer
Experience the park's iconic boardwalk, observe champion trees, and enjoy a scenic hike or paddle on Cedar Creek.
- Day 1: Swamp Serenity & Champion Giants
- Morning (8:30 AM - 12:30 PM)
- Arrival & Visitor Center (8:30 AM - 9:00 AM): Arrive at Congaree National Park’s Harry Hampton Visitor Center. This is your starting point for information, restrooms, and a quick browse of the exhibits to understand the unique floodplain ecosystem. Be sure to pick up a park map and check current trail conditions. Most importantly, apply insect repellent generously!
- Boardwalk Loop Trail & Champion Trees (9:00 AM - 11:30 AM): Embark on the park’s iconic 2.4-mile elevated Boardwalk Loop Trail. This accessible path winds through the ancient old-growth forest, offering a unique perspective of the massive bald cypress and tupelo trees. Take your time to read the interpretive signs, spot wildlife (including various bird species, turtles, and possibly even otters), and identify some of the park’s champion trees—the largest of their kind in the country. This leisurely walk typically takes 1.5 to 2 hours.
- Picnic Lunch (11:30 AM - 12:30 PM): Enjoy a packed picnic lunch at one of the designated picnic areas near the Visitor Center. Bringing your own food is a great way to save money and maximize your time in the park. Budget approximately $20 for ingredients for two people.
- Afternoon (12:30 PM - 4:30 PM)
- Cedar Creek Canoe Trail Exploration (12:30 PM - 4:00 PM): Drive a short distance to the Cedar Creek Landing launch point (clearly marked within the park). For this unique experience, we recommend renting a tandem kayak for a half-day. Local outfitters such as Palmetto Outdoor Center or Carolina Outdoor Adventures (both located near Columbia, requiring advance booking for pick-up or shuttle arrangements) offer rentals typically ranging from $75-$90 for a tandem kayak. Paddle along the tranquil Cedar Creek Canoe Trail, a marked water trail that offers an unparalleled perspective of the swamp from water level. You can paddle upstream for 1.5-2 hours and then enjoy a leisurely float back to the landing, covering approximately 3-5 miles round trip. Keep an eye out for wading birds, alligators, and the towering cypress knees emerging from the water.
- Return & Depart (4:00 PM - 4:30 PM): Return your rented kayak and gear. Take a moment to reflect on your deep immersion in this primeval forest before beginning your drive out of the park.
- Evening
- Dinner in Columbia (5:00 PM onwards): Head north towards Columbia (approximately 30-45 minutes drive from the park) for dinner. For a casual and budget-friendly meal, consider Groucho’s Deli for their famous subs and salads, or Maurice’s Piggie Park BBQ for a taste of authentic South Carolina barbecue. Budget approximately $40-$50 for dinner for two, bringing your total day’s spending comfortably within the $150 budget.
- Morning (8:30 AM - 12:30 PM)
Two-Day Immersive Congaree Adventure
Dive deeper into Congaree with extensive hiking, a full day of paddling, and an overnight camping experience under the ancient canopy.
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Day 1: Ancient Giants & Backcountry Slumber
- Morning (8:30 AM - 12:30 PM) Begin your adventure by arriving at Congaree National Park. Your first stop should be the Ernest F. Hollings Jr. Visitor Center to pick up a free backcountry camping permit (if not reserved online in advance) and gather maps. From the visitor center, embark on the iconic Boardwalk Loop Trail (2.4 miles, approximately 1.5-2 hours). This elevated walkway provides an accessible introduction to the old-growth floodplain forest. Immediately following the boardwalk, connect to the Weston Lake Loop Trail (4.6 miles, approximately 2-2.5 hours), which offers a deeper immersion into the forest, passing by Weston Lake and other oxbow lakes. Total hiking for the morning: 7 miles. Enjoy a packed picnic lunch back at your vehicle or at one of the designated picnic tables near the visitor center.
- Afternoon (1:30 PM - 5:30 PM) With your backcountry permit in hand, shoulder your packs and begin your hike to one of Congaree’s designated backcountry campsites. A good option for an immersive experience is to follow a section of the Bluff Trail (6.7 miles one-way) to reach a campsite like P-2 or P-3 (adds approximately 2-3 miles from the visitor center area, depending on the site chosen). This hike will take you through diverse forest environments. Upon arrival, carefully set up your tent and camp, ensuring you adhere to Leave No Trace principles. Spend some time exploring the immediate vicinity of your campsite before dusk.
- Evening (6:00 PM onwards) Prepare and enjoy a well-deserved backcountry dinner. Simple, lightweight backpacking meals are recommended. As night falls, the true magic of Congaree emerges. With minimal light pollution, the park offers incredible stargazing opportunities. Listen to the symphony of the swamp at night—owls hooting, frogs croaking, and the rustling of nocturnal creatures. Reflect on the day’s journey beneath the ancient canopy. Estimated cost for food: $30-40 (backpacking meals).
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Day 2: Paddling the Cedar Creek Wilderness
- Morning (7:00 AM - 11:30 AM) Wake up to the sounds of the forest. Enjoy a quick and easy backcountry breakfast (e.g., oatmeal, coffee). Efficiently pack up your campsite, double-checking that you’ve left no trace behind. Hike back to your vehicle (approximately 2-3 miles), enjoying the morning light filtering through the trees. Once at your car, drive a short distance to the Cedar Creek Canoe Trail’s Bannister Bridge put-in. Here, you will meet your pre-arranged outfitter (e.g., Palmetto Outdoor Center or Carolina Outdoor Adventures in Columbia) to pick up your rented kayaks or canoe and finalize shuttle arrangements for a downstream take-out.
- Afternoon (12:00 PM - 5:30 PM) Embark on a full day of paddling along the serene Cedar Creek Canoe Trail. This 15-mile winding waterway takes approximately 5-7 hours to complete and is the best way to experience the park’s “liquid wilderness.” Paddle through the stunning old-growth cypress and tupelo forest, observing abundant wildlife such as alligators, turtles, various bird species, and otters. Find a suitable, dry bank to stop for a packed lunch. Allow yourself to be fully immersed in the tranquil sounds and sights of this unique ecosystem as you paddle downstream.
- Evening (6:00 PM onwards) Reach your pre-arranged take-out point (e.g., South Cedar Creek Road or Sandy Run Lake Road, depending on your outfitter’s route). Return your rental equipment and take the shuttle back to your vehicle. Change into dry clothes. For a final meal before departing, consider a casual dinner in nearby Columbia (approx. 30-45 minute drive) or enjoy a simple packed dinner for convenience. Depart Congaree National Park, refreshed and deeply connected to its ancient beauty. Estimated costs for Day 2: Kayak/Canoe Rental + Shuttle: ~$150-180 for two (e.g., two single kayaks at $50-60 each + $30-50 shuttle fee). Food: $40-50 (packed lunch/snacks, casual dinner).
Total Estimated Budget (for 2 people):
- Backcountry Camping Permit: Free
- Kayak/Canoe Rental + Shuttle: $150 - $180
- Food & Snacks (2 days): $80 - $100
- Contingency/Miscellaneous: $70 - $170
- Total: Approximately $300 - $450 (comfortably within the $500 budget)
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